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| 基于GA–PSO混合算法与动态工况验证热物理模型的电池快充充电过程优化 |
| Optimization of battery fast charging process using a GA-PSO hybrid algorithm and a thermophysical model validated under dynamic conditions |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-05 |
| DOI：10.13259/j.cnki.eri.2026.02.007 |
| 中文关键词: 温升 电池 WLTC工况 遗传算法 粒子群算法 GA–PSO混合算法 |
| 英文关键词:temperature rise battery WLTC condition genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization algorithm GA-PSO hybrid algorithm |
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| 摘要点击次数: 275 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 电池充电过程中持续升高的温度会带来热失控的风险，而通过优化充电电流轨迹可以降低充电过程的温升。通过混合脉冲功率特性（HPPC）测试方法获取电池二阶等效电路模型参数，利用Simulink软件建立二阶等效电路电池模型和充电过程的热物理模型。利用该模型计算了电池充电过程中对流和辐射引起的实际热耗散，并利用电池全球统一轻型车辆测试循环（WLTC）工况下实验数据对热物理模型的计算精度进行了验证。快充过程中通常在电池荷电状态（SOC）为30% ～ 80%下进行快速充电。基于该热物理模型分别利用粒子群（PSO）算法、遗传算法（GA）和遗传粒子群（GA–PSO）混合算法在500步迭代中寻找快速充电过程中最小温升的电流轨迹。经比对确认，利用GA–PSO混合算法可获取最佳的充电电流轨迹；优化后充电过程中电池最高温度相较于恒流快充过程中的降低了0.159 7 ℃。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The continuous temperature rise during battery charging poses a risk of thermal runaway, which can be mitigated by optimizing the charging current trajectory. In this study, the parameters of a second-order equivalent circuit model for the battery were obtained using the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test method. A second-order equivalent circuit battery model and a thermophysical model of the charging process were subsequently established in Simulink. The thermophysical model was used to calculate the actual heat dissipation caused by convection and radiation during battery charging, and its calculation accuracy was validated using experimental data from the battery under the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) condition. Fast charging is typically carried out within the state of charge (SOC) range of 30% to 80%. Based on the proposed thermophysical model, the particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and GA-PSO hybrid algorithm were respectively employed to identify the current trajectory that minimizes temperature rise during fast charging over 500 iterations. A comparison of the results confirms that the GA-PSO hybrid algorithm yields the optimal charging current trajectory. The maximum battery temperature achieved with the optimized trajectory is 0.1597 ℃ lower than that under the constant-current fast charging process. |
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